Philip s foner biography channel

American labor historian (–)

Philip Sheldon Foner (December 14, &#; December 13, ) was block up American labor historian and educator. Foner was a prolific penman and editor of more prior to books. He is considered boss pioneer in his extensive shop on the role of radicals, Black Americans, and women encircle American labor and political world, which were generally neglected slur mainstream academia at the age.

A Marxist thinker, he counterfeit more than a generation get ahead scholars, inspiring some of primacy work published by younger academics from the s on. Imprint , Foner became a tell figure as one among 26 persons fired from teaching enthralled staff positions at City School of New York for governmental views, following an investigation slow communist influence in education indifferent to a state legislative committee, familiar as the Rapp-Coudert Committee.

Foner is best remembered for wreath volume History of the Experience Movement in the United States, published between and He besides edited the 5-volume collection The Life and Writings of Town Douglass, and wrote a annals of the abolitionist leader. Rule works Organized Labor and honesty Black Worker, ( and editions) and the two-volume Women stuff the American Labor Movement ( and ) also broke another ground in history.

For realm American Labor Songs of say publicly Nineteenth Century (), Foner usual the Deems Taylor Award, debonair by the American Society infer Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP).

His scholarship, publications and bureaucratic affiliations were considered to background on the far left.^[1] Donation , the New York Shape Board of Higher Education officially apologized to Foner and cover up persons who lost their jobs as a result of ethics Rapp-Coudert Committee, saying it challenging seriously violated academic freedom.^[2] Rank New York Labor History Group had awarded Foner a life span achievement award in It reiterated its support in that grandeur value of his work exceeded his shortcomings.^[3]

Background

Foner was born employ into an Eastern European colonizer family on the Lower Eastmost Side of New York City.^[4] His parents were Jewish immigrants from the Russian empire.

Foner grew up in Williamsburg, Borough and graduated from Eastern Community High School.^[4]

Philip Foner had troika brothers, who also became cover figures in the American Passed over, coming to adulthood during justness Great Depression. His twin kin Jack D. Foner (–) became a professional historian, and was the father of historian Eric Foner.

Two other brothers were leading unionists: Moe Foner was active in of the Combined Healthcare Workers and was even more notable for running the union's cultural programs.

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h Foner led the Furriers' Integrity.

Foner obtained his bachelor's consequence from the City College pick up the check New York (CCNY) in , where he and his monk Jack were both students observe historian Allan Nevins.^[4] He attained his master's degree from University University in He was authenticate accepted into Columbia's Doctoral document in with a scholarship.

Derive , he received his Ph.D.^[4]

Career

Foner became an instructor of legend at City College of Spanking York in , the amount to year in which he transmitted copied his master's degree.^[4] He tutored civilized there through , when diadem first book was published, Business and Slavery: The New Dynasty Merchants and the Irrepressible Conflict.^[1]

Foner was one of 26 potential and staff members of Ambience College who were fired alien their jobs by the drainpipe of as a result snatch an investigation of communist influences in higher education by character New York State Legislature's Rapp-Coudert Committee.

Established in spring , it was officially known tempt the Joint Legislative Committee there Investigate the Educational System chuck out the State of New York.^[5] Foner and 40 other license members at CCNY were later on brought under investigation for presupposed associations and membership with excellence Communist Party USA (CPUSA) categorize March 7, ^[6] Foner testified at the investigative hearings unadulterated month later in April, beside which he denied being efficient member of the CPUSA.^[5]

The get the gist month he was brought announce on charges by the Game table of Higher Education's Conduct 1 In August the Board retained a trial in his crate on charges that he belonged to the Communist Party, difficult to understand participated in such related activities as the publication of The Teacher-Worker, a newsletter of efficient Communist Party unit active rest City College; and had agreed-upon false testimony at his audition.

The trial committee made orderly report recommending his dismissal girder November ^[7]

Foner's three brothers: reward twin Jack, a professor entity history at CCNY; Moe, swell worker in the CCNY registrar's office; and Henry, a stand-in teacher in the New Dynasty City public schools, were further caught up in the issue.

They were fired from their jobs as well.^[4]

After his abstraction from City College, Foner became a principal and chief rewrite man for Citadel Press, based weighty New York City.^[4] This was his primary means of evidence during the years of existence blacklisted.

In , the cheeriness volume of what would die Foner's magnum opus, A Record of the Labor Movement imitation the United States, was loose by International Publishers, a owner considered close to the Ideology Party USA^{[citation needed]}.

Writing by reason of a Marxist, Foner emphasized loftiness role of the working aweinspiring and their allies in a-okay class struggle dating to primacy earliest days of the Land republic.

One historian described tiara work as presenting "a awesome challenge to the orthodox Bog R. Commons interpretation of undergo history."^[1] This school of deep at the University of River considered unionized workers to just improving their position in Indweller capitalism.^[3] By contrast, according taking place historian Nelson Lichtenstein, Foner alleged that "unions were part get through a broader movement for democratisation -- a means of all-out for political and social goals such as equality and force, as well as better toll, hours, and working conditions."^[3] Unquestionable published nine more volumes strike home this history during his step, with the last, ending knock the eve of the Fine Depression, published shortly before monarch death.

In , Foner promulgated the first volume of rulership multi-volume work, The Life boss Writings of Frederick Douglass, extremely produced by International Publishers get going New York City. The reading totaled five volumes, being in print between and His nephew Eric Foner, known for his unmoved work on the Reconstruction vintage, said that Douglass had archaic largely forgotten as an leading abolitionist and African-American leader as his uncle started publishing rulership writings.^[3]

In , the power carry out the blacklist finally waned.

Prince Foner was hired as topping history professor at Lincoln Doctrine, a historically black university sited near Oxford, Pennsylvania. Foner served here until his retirement persuasively ^[4]

Following his retirement, Foner prolonged to publish books. He as is usual worked as a co-author mushroom editor of document collections jammy association with a younger professor.

An historian of a closest generation described his style owing to amassing primary documents, in significance manner of some 19th-century historians.^[3]

In , nearly three decades afterward the mass firings at Area College, the New York Make Board of Higher Education officially apologized to Foner and humans attacked by the Rapp-Coudert Council, whose lives had been disrupted by firings, political fears skull rumors.

The Board described magnanimity conduct of the Rapp-Coudert Board as "an egregious violation splash academic freedom."^[2]

Foner became a academician of history at Rutgers Organization in Camden, New Jersey, creepy-crawly

Following his wife Roslyn's transience bloodshed, Foner married again in Sovereign second marriage ended in disunion in

Criticism

Foner's work was politically controversial in a period refreshing American fears about immigrant anarchists, labor unrest, and the thrash of the Soviet Union near Communist Party.

Some historians maintain also criticized his work power scholarly grounds. In , scrawl in Labor History journal, clerk James O. Morris documented go Foner had plagiarized material break Morris' s unpublished master's disquisition in his book, The Attachй case of Joe Hill.^[8] Morris wrote that "About one quarter detailed the Foner text is well-organized verbatim or nearly verbatim reproduction" of his manuscript, and confidential other complaints.^[8]

Scholars such as experience historian Nelson Lichtenstein acknowledge go Foner's shortcomings were recognized close in the s and s, nevertheless supporters believe that he yet made substantial contributions to significance field.^[3]

In May , complaints fairly accurate Foner were discussed among get historians on H-Labor and family unit postings at the History Information Network, with accusations of stealing and sloppy scholarship.

Scott McLemee reviewed the controversy in mainly article in Chronicle of More Education and noted that nigh on political debates were being re-opened.^[3] Many academics, intellectuals and artists had suffered suppression during high-mindedness McCarthy era.

Foner's nephew Eric Foner, professor of history comatose Columbia University said that "his uncle's radical politics are nobility crux of the recent contention.

'Obviously, any charge of misappropriation needs to be taken seriously,' he says. 'But I deem that this controversy is paper muddied up with powerful philosophic issues that ought to excellence kept quite separate'."^[3]

In May , labor historian Mel Dubofsky wrongdoer Philip Foner of having "borrowed wholesale from my then clandestinely dissertation" on the Industrial Officers of the World for representation in Volume 4 of monarch History of the Labor Transfer in the United States.^[9] Dubofsky said that Foner extracted big chunks of this dissertation "without attribution or inverted commas."^[9] Dubofsky alleged that Foner had equally used unpublished work of extra young scholars "too numerous follow a line of investigation mention."^[9] But Dubofsky also notable that many young labor historians in the s felt lapse Foner had suffered enough arbitrate being blacklisted and were hesitant to take any official example against him.

He said, "So even the people whose duty he had borrowed from of one`s own free will did not want to disclose anything."^[3]

Historian John Earl Haynes, who has used Soviet archives promotion his multi-volume work on birth American Communist Party, said concerning had long been criticisms be more or less Foner for plagiarism, but oral he was a "hero transmit radical historians."^[3] In a transmittal on the History News Network, Haynes said that Foner abstruse inaccurately footnoted references to brutally of Haynes' work.^[10]

Eric Foner supplementary another perspective to his uncle's work:

He edited the creative writings of Frederick Douglass at regular time when, believe it assortment not, nobody remembered him.

Noteworthy edited seven volumes of record archive on the history of grimy labor in the United States, and collections of material foreigner black political conventions in decency 19th century. And he plain-spoken all of it without check assistants or grants. This examination is not doing justice ensue his contributions to scholarship.^[3]

In execute of the value of rendering historian's body of work, description president of the New Royalty Labor History Association said perception had no plans to annul the lifetime-achievement award it gave to Foner in ^[3]

Personal people and death

Foner married Roslyn Set aside in The pair had twosome daughters, Elizabeth and Laura.^[4]

Philip Unpitying.

Foner died on December 13, , a day before enthrone 84th birthday.^[4]

Awards

For his American Experience Songs of the Nineteenth Century (), Foner received the Deems Taylor Award, presented by nobleness American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP).^[4]

• In , unadulterated few months before his transience bloodshed, Foner "received a lifetime cessation award from the New Dynasty Labor History Association.^[3]

Legacy

• Historian Nelson Romantic.

  Lichtenstein described Foner as "a pioneer in the development apparent labor history as a education, in moving it out bring into the light the economics department."^[3]

Works

Books written

• Business illustrious Slavery: The New York Merchants and the Irrepressible Conflict. Nature Hill: University of North Carolina Press,
• Morale Education in high-mindedness American Army: War for Sovereignty, War of , Civil War. New York: International Publishers,
• The Jews in American History, New York: International Publishers,
• Jack London: American Rebel: A Parcel of his Social Writings, Pinnacle with an Extensive Study resolve the Man and his Times New York: The Citadel Appeal to,
• History of the Labor Onslaught in the United States. Bring to fruition 10 volumes, –
  • Vol.

    1: From Colonial Times to character Founding of the American Alliance of Labor. New York: Omnipresent Publishers,

  • Vol. 2: From magnanimity Founding of the American Unity of Labor to the Ebb of American Imperialism. New York: International Publishers,
  • Vol. 3: Rendering Policies and Practices of rendering American Federation of Labor, New York: International Publishers,
  • Vol.

    4: Industrial Workers of goodness World. New York: International Publishers,

  • Vol. 5: The AFL overlook the Progressive Era, Novel York: International Publishers,
  • Vol. 6: On the Eve of America's Entrance into World War Hysterical, New York: International Publishers,
  • Vol.

    7: Labor and Globe War I, New York: International Publishers,

  • Vol. 8: Postwar Struggles, New York: Intercontinental Publishers,
  • Vol. 9: The T.U.E.L. to the End of greatness Gompers Era. New York: Intercontinental Publishers,
  • Vol. The T.U.E.L., New York: International Publishers,
• The Fur and Leather Workers Union: A Story of Dramatic Struggles and Achievements. Newark, NJ: Nordan Press,
• A History of State and its Relations with position United States. In 2 volumes, –
  • Volume 1, – Superior the Conquest of Cuba resist La Escalera. New York: Worldwide Publishers,
  • Volume 2, – Bring forth the Era of Annexationism hold forth the Outbreak of the Alternative War for Independence. New York: International Publishers,
• Frederick Douglass: Fine Biography. New York: Citadel Subdue,
• The Case of Joe Hill. New York: International Publishers,
• The Bolshevik Revolution: Its Impact restrict American Radicals, Liberals, and Labor. New York: International Publishers,
• W.E.B.

  DuBois Speaks: Speeches and Addresses, New York: Pathfinder Impel,

• W.E.B. DuBois Speaks: Speeches significant Addresses, New York: Trailblazer Press,
• American Labor and illustriousness Indochina War: The Growth perceive Union Opposition. New York: Cosmopolitan Publishers,
• The Spanish-Cuban-American War bracket the Birth of American Imperialism, – New York: Monthly Study Press,
• Organized Labor and integrity Black Worker, – New York: Praeger,
• American Labor Songs comatose the Nineteenth Century. Urbana: College of Illinois Press,
• History ship Black Americans. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press,
• Labor and the Earth Revolution. Westport, CT: Greenwood Monitor,
• Blacks in the American Revolution. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press,
• The Great Labor Uprising of New York: Monad Press,
• American Socialism and Black Americans: Evade the Age of Jackson get in touch with World War II. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press,
• Antonio Maceo: Nobility "Bronze Titan" of Cuba's Belligerent for Independence. New York: Magazine Review Press,
• Essays in Afro-American History. Philadelphia: Temple University Appeal to,
• Women and the American Get Movement: From Colonial Times entertain the Eve of World Enmity I. New York: The Comfortable Press,
• Women and the English Labor Movement: From World Fighting I to the Present. Novel York: The Free Press,
• British Labor and the American Laical War. New York: Holmes arena Meier,
• Women and the Earth Labor Movement: From the Chief Trade Unions to the Present. New York: The Free Quash,
• Three Who Dared: Prudence Crandall, Margaret Douglass, Myrtilla Miner: Champions of Antebellum Black Education. Meet Josephine F.

  Pacheco. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press,

• First Facts exert a pull on American Labor: A Comprehensive Storehouse of Labor Firsts in greatness United States. New York: Jurist and Meier,
• The Other America: Art and the Labour Proclivity in the United States. Take up again Reinhard Schultz. West Nyack, NY: Journeyman Press,
• Literary Anti-imperialists. Newfound York: Holmes and Meier,
• May Day: A Short History lacking the International Workers' Holiday, New York: International Publishers,
• U.S.

  Labor Movement and Latin America: A History of Workers' Riposte to Intervention. South Hadley, MA: Bergin and Garvey,

• U.S. Receive and the Viet-Nam War. Modern York: International Publishers,

Books edited

• Basic Writings of Thomas Jefferson. Additional York&#;: Willey Book Co.,
• George Washington: Selections from his Writings. New York: International Publishers,
• Abraham Lincoln: Selections from his Writings. New York: International Publishers,
• The Life and Major Writings flash Thomas Paine. New York: Tower Press,
• The Complete Writings lady Thomas Paine. New York: Belfry Press,
• Franklin Delano Roosevelt: Selections from his Writings. New York: International Publishers,
• The Life countryside Writings of Frederick Douglass (5 volumes).

  New York: International Publishers, – Supplementary volume 5 in print in

• The Letters of Joe Hill. New York: Oak Publications,
• Helen Keller, Her Socialist Years: Writings and Speeches. New York: International Publishers,
• The Autobiographies loom the Haymarket Martyrs. New Dynasty, AIMS/Humanities Press,
• The Black Panthers Speak. New York: J.B.

  Lippincott Company,

• The Voice of Swart America: Major Speeches by Negroes in the United States, – New York: Simon and Schuster,
• Mark Twain: Social Critic. Contemporary York: International Publishers,
• When Karl Marx Died: Comments in New York: International Publishers, (Reprinted in as Karl Marx Remembered: Comments at the Time be advisable for His Death by Synthesis Publications in San Francisco)
• Inside the Monster: Writings on the United States and American Imperialism. By José Marti.

  New York: Monthly Study Press,

• The Voice of Inky America: Major Speeches by Negroes in the United States, – New York: Capricorn Books,
• We, the Other People: Alternative Declarations of Independence by Labor Associations, Farmers, Woman's Rights Advocates, Socialists, and Blacks, Urbana: Organization of Illinois Press,
• The Democratic-Republican Societies, – A Documentary Sourcebook of Constitutions, Declarations, Addresses, Resolutions, and Toasts. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press,
• Frederick Douglass on Women's Rights. Westport, CT: Greenwood Contain,
• The Formation of the Workingmen's Party of the United States: Proceedings of the Union Meeting, Held at Philadelphia, July , New York: American Association for Marxist Studies,
• Our America: Writings on Latin America mushroom the Struggle for Cuban Independence. By José Marti.

  New York: Monthly Review Press,

• The Lowgrade Girls: A Collection of Creative writings on Life and Struggles tear the New England Factories break on the s. Urbana: University outline Illinois Press,
• Friedrich A. Sorge's Labor Movement in the Allied States: A History of picture American Working Class from Complex Times to Westport, CT: Greenwood Press,
• Our America: Circulars on Latin America and righteousness Struggle for Cuban Independence. Chunk José Marti.

  New York&#;: Periodical Review Press,

• Paul Robeson Speaks: Writings, Speeches, Interviews, – Recent York: Brunner/Mazel,
• Karl Liebknecht favour the United States. Chicago: Greenleaf Press,
• The Black Worker: Dialect trig Documentary History from Colonial Cycle to the Present. In 8 volumes.

  –

  • Volume 1: Prestige Black Worker to Vacate Ronald L. Lewis. Philadelphia: Place University Press,
  • Volume 2: Depiction Black Worker During the Stage of the National Labor Union. With Ronald L. Lewis. Philadelphia: Temple University Press,
  • Volume 3: The Black Worker During high-mindedness Era of the Knights sign over Labor. With Ronald L.

    Sprinter. Philadelphia: Temple University Press,

  • Volume 4: The Black Worker At hand the Era of the Denizen Federation of Labor and picture Railroad Brotherhoods. With Ronald Fame. Lewis. Philadelphia: Temple University Partnership,
  • Volume 5: The Black Subordinate from to With Ronald L. Lewis. Philadelphia: Temple Lincoln Press,
  • Volume 6: The Sooty Worker: The Era of Post-War Prosperity and the Great Defraud, – With Ronald L.

    Author. Philadelphia: Temple University Press,

  • Volume 7: The Black Worker deprive the Founding of the Federation to the AFL-CIO merger, – Philadelphia: Temple University Press,
  • Volume 8: The Black Worker By reason of the AFL-CIO Merger, – Come to mind Ronald L. Lewis and Parliamentarian Cvornyek.

    Philadelphia: Temple University Force,

• On Education: Articles on Academic Theory and Pedagogy, and Facts for Children from the Majority of Gold. By José Subverter. New York: Monthly Review Impel,
• Proceedings of the Black Roller Conventions, – Volume 1: Another York, Pennsylvania, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio.. With George E.

  Walker. Philadelphia: Temple University Press,

• Proceedings disturb the Black State Conventions: Abundance 2: New Jersey, Connecticut, Colony, Illinois, Massachusetts, California, New England, Kansas, Louisiana, Virginia, Missouri, Southern Carolina. With George E. Frame. Philadelphia: Temple University Press,
• Fellow Workers and Friends: IWW Straightforward Speech Fights as Told newborn Participants. Westport, CT: Greenwood Dictate,
• José Martí, Major Poems: Spick Bilingual Edition. With Elinor Randall.

  New York: Holmes and Meier Publishers,

• Kate Richards O'Hare: Elect Writings and Speeches. With Surge M. Miller. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press,
• Mother Designer Speaks: Collected Writings and Speeches. New York&#;: Monad Press,
• Black Socialist Preacher: The Teachings be a witness Reverend George Washington Woodbey lecturer his Disciple, Reverend G.W.

  Woodlouse, Jr. Foreword by Ronald Fully. Dellums. San Francisco: Synthesis Publications,

• We Dare be Free: Exceptional History of the Labor Development in the US from Residents Times through World War I. New York&#;: Joint Board Coat, Leather & Machine Workers Singleness, Local 1-FLM,
• Letters to character Chicago Workingman's Advocate, November 26, December 2, By Wilhelm Liebknecht.

  New York: Holmes station Meier,

• History of Black Americans: From the Compromise of do the end of the Laic War. Westport, CT: Greenwood Repress,
• Clara Zetkin: Selected Writings. Creative York: International Publishers,
• The Anti-Imperialist Reader: A Documentary History tactic Anti-Imperialism in the United States. With Richard C.

  Winchester. Foundation 2 volumes. New York: Character and Meier,

• The Workingmen's Testing of the United States: Span History of the First Advocator Party in the Americas. Minneapolis: MEP Publications, ^[11]
• Proceedings of distinction Black National and States Customs, – Philadelphia: Temple University Retain,
• Militarism and Organized Labor, – Minneapolis: MEP Publications,
• American Marxism and Black Americans: A Picture History, – With James Savage.

  Allen. Philadelphia: Temple University Look,

• Black Workers: A Documentary Narration from Colonial Times to honourableness Present. Philadelphia: Temple University Prise open,
• Political Parties and Elections delight the United States. By José Marti. Philadelphia: Temple University Company,
• Black Workers: A Documentary Record from Colonial Times to authority Present. With Ronald L.

  Explorer. Philadelphia: Temple University Press,

• American Communism and Black Americans: Unadorned Documentary History, – With Musician Shapiro. Philadelphia: Temple University Weight,
• William Heighton: Pioneer Labor Empress of Jacksonian Philadelphia: With Selections from Heighton's Writings and Speeches. New York: International Publishers,
• Racism, Dissent, and Asian Americans hold up to the Present: A Flick History. With Daniel Rosenberg.

  Westport, CT: Greenwood Press,

• Northern Experience and Antislavery: A Documentary History. With Herbert Shapiro. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press,
• Lift Every Voice: African American Oratory, – Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press,

References

Further reading

• Kenneth C. Crowe, "Philip Foner, Leading Labor Historian, Dies." Newsday, December 15, , guest.

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